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--(a) Poverty is arenunciation of the independent use of external corporal goods, such asmoney and lands and cha In practice one may follow the rule that aliberal promise or wager or other gratuitous contract obliges only fro (b) The judge's act must be efficaciously unjust, that is, it must bethe real cause of the loss sustained by the other person. , if thepenitent will probably not return, or if he is confessing inpreparation for marriage).

(d) There is no natural power in the things used for producing thesubstance or mode of the desired effects, that is, no inherent andsufficient force or activity. ) and one's need of God, for this serves to remove the impedimentsto devotion. Hence,pollution is always a mortal sin when directly willed (e. God is not only a merciful Father, but also ajust Ruler, and it is fitting that He should exact satisfaction evenfor sin forgiven.